NURS FPX 6030 Assessment 3 Intervention Plan Design

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Capella university

NURS-FPX 6030 MSN Practicum and Capstone

Prof. Name

Date

Intervention Plan Design

Mental health illness is a severe condition that compromises individual cognitive abilities and severely impacts emotion and behavior regulation. Mental health illness is becoming more prevalent in adults. About 970 million adults worldwide in 2019 were affected by mental health illnesses, and the most common are depression and anxiety, with a $225 billion cost (Laranjeira et al., 2023). This project plans to propose an intervention for adult mental patients based on a Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Time (PICOT) inquiry. This research reviews the intervention for mental illness patients, recognizing cultural demands, nursing models, stakeholder duties, and ethical and moral concerns.

Intervention Plan Component

The plan aims to promote patient outcomes by improving adult mental illness patients’ quality of life and reducing symptoms and relapse. It will ultimately enhance their cognitive functionality. It centers on behavior psychotherapy, like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Mindfulness-Based Therapy (MBT), to boost patients’ positive thoughts and avoid negative reinforcement, improving self-control and patient safety (Sverre et al., 2023).

Intervention Plan Component Improve Health Outcomes

The CBT and MBT-based behavior psychotherapy intervention is crucial to fulfilling the needs of adult mental illness patients’ medical conditions in outpatient settings. Behavior psychotherapy initiatives entailing psycho-education and counseling can mitigate disease progression, relapse, and prolonged hospitalization. Behavior psychotherapy, through education and training, equips patients with coping strategies and skills to control symptoms like anxiety and stress (Lam et al., 2020).

It also aids in improving the comprehension of their condition and cognitive functioning through stress and emotion regulation and positive behaviors, improving patient safety and standard of life. CBT and MBT-based mental illness patient counseling offer patients mindfulness practices like meditation and boost positive thoughts, improving their mental condition. Obtaining adequate disease data is a practical method for preventing potential implications and boosting well-being (Sverre et al., 2023).

Measuring Success Criteria for Intervention Plan 

Applying the therapy plan improves the health of adult mental illness patients by increasing self-regulation skills. Feedback, reviews, and surveys from staff and patients aid in assessing the efficiency of the intervention. The plan’s performance metrics include improved patient condition through self-regulation and coping strategies. The intervention’s efficiency can be confirmed by contrasting shifts in thoughts and behaviors, relapse rate, psychotic episodes, and admission rates before and after the therapy, utilizing clinical information.

The aim of attaining a substantial (almost 55%) decline in symptoms reported in medical documentation is to serve as a foundation to regulate symptoms, changes in behaviors and attitudes, lowering relapses, and improving patient outcomes in the outpatient context. The treatment plan promotes the patient’s outcomes and their functioning (Gomez & Castellvi, 2020). 

Effect of Cultural Needs and Characteristics of the Population and Setting

Adult mental illness patients in outpatient settings have diverse cultural backgrounds, demanding a holistic approach to intervention considering their principles and values. Cultural views on mental health have a profound impact on how people experience, receive treatment, and recuperate from mental disorders. Mental disease patients’ cultures have various beliefs, thoughts, and practices that influence their understanding of mental illnesses and self-control (Anik et al., 2021). For instance, stigma and shame among Americans prevent them from taking psychotherapy services.

They feel hesitant to discuss their condition with specialists. Africans believe that mental illness is caused by spiritual or paranormal forces, like abduction by ghosts, curses, or divine wrath. They prefer traditional healing and spiritual approaches to mental health treatment (Jidong et al., 2021). Acknowledging these thoughts and values is critical for medical staff to provide culturally acceptable behavior psychotherapy methods to their patients. Individuals from different cultures should be assisted to develop the necessary abilities and comprehension for self-regulation. Cultural understanding is required for empathy to reduce this difference. It enables clinicians to care for a diverse adult mental disease patient group.

To improve the efficiency of the therapeutic strategy, the intervention must be adapted to improve the self-control and coping skills of mentally ill patients (Anik et al., 2021). It is assumed that the adult mental illness group holds deeply ingrained cultural ideas. Adding cultural variables to interventions is also believed to boost care (Jidong et al., 2021). The main emphasis must be on empirically supported, culturally acceptable behavior psychotherapy that improves patient outcomes by promoting self-control and positivity. To facilitate the adoption of mindfulness practices and positive ideas through coping skills, a joint effort involving clinicians, patients, psychologists, medical instructors, and cultural leaders is required (Anik et al., 2021).

Nursing Models, Other Disciplines Strategies, and Health Technology

Different nursing models, like The Health Belief Model (HBM), are valuable for understanding and predicting patients’ health conduct, particularly their ways of engaging in mental illness therapy. The HBM investigates the process by which patients prefer to participate in therapy sessions in response to signs of mental disorder. The HBM reflects a patient’s opinions about their condition. It offers advantages through self-efficacy during behavior psychotherapy and aids in adopting self-efficacy to improve patient outcomes. However, the HBM failed to handle societal experiences that influence compliance with medical rules or coping abilities (Lilly et al., 2020).

Orem’s Self-Care Model is crucial in the intervention plan. It offers a realistic clinical framework for applying self-care and self-efficacy concepts. It promotes the pivotal role of self-efficacy in coping with mental illness. It supports teaching patients and fostering self-care through self-awareness and resilience among mental illness patients. However, this paradigm limits services, is unable to assist mentally ill patients with comorbidities, and does not address social or emotional factors in care (Lotfabadi et al., 2021).

NURS FPX 6030 Assessment 3 Intervention Plan Design

Other disciplines’ interventions, like Cultural proficiency training, assist health workers in recognizing adult mental illness patients’ cultural choices in an outpatient setting. It empowers them to develop culturally suitable behavioral psychotherapy programs that meet their choices. However, such intervention can be lengthy and costly and require more assets (Anik et al., 2021). Many studies underscore that peer and social support is a crucial approach to improving the mental health condition of patients. It offers peer and social assistance to impact patients’ perceptions and support peer experiences, improving hope and coping skills (Shalaby & Agyapong, 2020).

However, peer and social support can be inconsistent and have fewer benefits in mental illness care. Telehealth technology, apps, and video conferencing-based behavioral psychotherapy programs improve outcomes. Technology-based CBT can assist patients in gaining better access. It is an efficient choice for persons with access barriers or stigma (Philippe et al., 2022). However, telehealth involves a solid technological structure and needs patient skills to use these tools. Privacy and ethical issues are also linked with leveraging technology.

Major Components of the Intervention Plan

The intervention plan primarily focuses on improving adult mentally ill patients’ coping abilities, emotional and stress management, and self-regulation through psycho-education and training, including in CBT and MBT, over six-month period. It improves patients’ cognitive functioning, standard of life, and outcomes. Evidence showed the efficacy of behavior psychotherapy in improving patients’ mental health conditions (Lam et al., 2020). Such patients need support and coping abilities to manage symptoms and reduce relapse. In comparison, the pharmacological approach has no significant effect as it demands regular medication and withdrawal reverse effects and causes relapse (Semahegn et al., 2020).

Nakao et al. (2021), stated that CBT assists patients in recognizing and altering detrimental or upsetting thoughts that have adverse effects on their emotions and conduct. CBT encourages balanced thinking and behaviors by offering coping strategies like problem-solving, avoiding thought and cognitive remodeling, and deep breathing, which improves stress management in depressed patients. For better patient care, they should be equipped with mindfulness practices to aid in controlling anger and disturbance. Sverre et al. (2023), asserted that MBT offers mindfulness practices like yoga, meditation, and attention, which assist patients in improving self-control and self-empowerment to boost emotional well-being. It enhances the patient’s health, reducing depression recurrence.

Effect of Stakeholder Needs, Medical Policy, and Regulations

The therapeutic approach aims to boost adult mental illness patients’ outcomes, coping abilities, and standard of life. It entails critical stakeholders like psychological nurses, clinicians, medical instructors, psychologists, and executives. Patients’ cultural perspectives, needs, and preferences affect the success of behavior psychotherapy intervention in outpatient settings. Adequate culturally suitable education and counseling and frequent input from patients are crucial for personnel to refine approaches like CBT and MBT (Jidong et al., 2021).

These stakeholders and matrices for need analysis are valuable for reviewing the therapy’s performance, practicability, and credibility. Moreover, medical care policies and laws can affect mental illness care. For instance, The American Psychological Association (APA) guidelines are critical for offering behavior psychotherapy, including education and counseling to adult mentally ill patients.

NURS FPX 6030 Assessment 3 Intervention Plan Design

These guidelines motivate patients to strengthen their coping abilities and self-control to reduce the negative effects of mental diseases. The APA policy promotes medical fairness by increasing the affordability of behavioral psychotherapy services (APA, 2022). Moreover, the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA) offers proven guidelines for offering effective and equitable accessibility of mental illness care services, particularly behavior psychotherapy.

The regulation reduces expenses while fostering a more comprehensive approach to medical care. It expands access to behavioral psychotherapy by requiring Medicare and Medicaid to support psychological therapy (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 2021). The basic assumption is that health policies have effects on strategies for self-control in mentally ill patients. Stakeholder involvement is critical to the efficacy of the intervention for mental care. The intervention should integrate guidelines of APA and MHPAEA to boost patient outcomes.

Ethical and Legal Implications

Psychologists and other stakeholders are morally and legally bound to retain mentally ill patients’ safety and privacy in outpatient settings. They should adopt ethical values like autonomy, beneficence, and nonmaleficence. Professionals should adopt measures to maintain patient privacy during behavior psychotherapy sessions or use telehealth for education and counseling. Regarding autonomy, they should design behavior psychotherapy sessions considering patients’ preferences. They should focus on beneficence and nonmaleficence by taking measures to avoid harm (Varkey, 2021).

Incorporating data security measures while using technologies aids in improving mental illness patients’ privacy. Using telehealth solutions like apps and video conferencing, caregivers are obliged to adhere to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) to sustain the confidentiality of patient data (Lustgarten et al., 2020). Breaking HIPAA leads to penalties and legal actions, impacting the patient care process. The research recognizes the legal and ethical values of medical facilities. However, there is a lack of knowledge about security and training for staff about protecting data during telehealth-based psychotherapy sessions. Training must be offered to promote staff expertise to preserve patient data (Lustgarten et al., 2020).

Conclusion

To conclude, a behavior psychotherapy therapeutic plan is essential to improving the outcomes of adult mentally ill patients in the outpatient setting. This approach improves patients ‘ control by offering mindfulness practices and coping strategies, improving their quality of life. The intervention plan acknowledges ethical and legal concerns and adopts proven approaches to improve the efficacy of intervention. 

References

Anik, E., West, R. M., Cardno, A. G., & Mir, G. (2021). Culturally adapted psychotherapies for depressed adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 278, 296-310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.051

APA. (2022). Guidelines for psychological practice in health care delivery systems. apa.org. Https://Www.apa.org. https://www.apa.org/practice/guidelines/delivery-systems

NURS FPX 6030 Assessment 3 Intervention Plan Design

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (2021). Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA). Cms.gov. https://www.cms.gov/marketplace/about/oversight/other-insurance-protections/mental-health-parity-and-addiction-equity-act-mhpaea

Gomez, C. M., & Castellvi, P. (2020). Effectiveness of family intervention for preventing relapse in first-episode psychosis until 24 months of follow-up: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 46(1), 98-109. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbz038

Jidong, D. E., Bailey, D., Sodi, T., Gibson, L., Sawadogo, N., Ikhile, D., & Mbah, M. (2021). Nigerian cultural beliefs about mental health conditions and traditional healing: A qualitative study. The Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice, 16(4), 285-299. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMHTEP-08-2020-0057

Lam, A. H. Y., Leung, S. F., Lin, J. J., & Chien, W. T. (2020). The effectiveness of a mindfulness-based psychoeducation programme for emotional regulation in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A pilot randomised controlled trial. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 729-747. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020500

Laranjeira, C., Carvalho, D., Valentim, O., Moutinho, L., Morgado, T., Tomás, C., Gomes, J., & Querido, A. (2023). Therapeutic Adherence of people with mental disorders: An evolutionary concept analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health/International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(5), 3869–3869. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053869

NURS FPX 6030 Assessment 3 Intervention Plan Design

Lilly, F. R., Jun, H. J., Alvarez, P., Owens, J., Malloy, L., Bruce‐Bojo, M., & Vidal, C. (2020). Pathways from health beliefs to treatment utilization for severe depression. Brain and Behavior, 10(12), e01873. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.1873

Lotfabadi, M. K., Bayazi, M. H., & Rajaei, A. R. (2021). The effect of cognitive-behavioral group training of self-care skills on self-care in patients with schizophrenia. Nursing Practice Today, 9(1), 24-36. https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v9i1.7327

Lustgarten, S. D., Garrison, Y. L., Sinnard, M. T., & Flynn, A. W. (2020). Digital privacy in mental healthcare: Current issues and recommendations for technology use. Current Opinion in Psychology, 36, 25-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.03.012

Nakao, M., Kentaro Shirotsuki, & Nagisa Sugaya. (2021). Cognitive–behavioral therapy for management of mental health and stress-related disorders: Recent advances in techniques and technologies. Biopsychosocial Medicine, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-021-00219-w

Philippe, T. J., Sikder, N., Jackson, A., Koblanski, M. E., Liow, E., Pilarinos, A., & Vasarhelyi, K. (2022). Digital health interventions for delivery of mental health care: Systematic and comprehensive meta-review. Journal of Medical Internet Research Mental Health, 9(5), e35159. https://doi.org/10.2196/35159

NURS FPX 6030 Assessment 3 Intervention Plan Design

Semahegn, A., Torpey, K., Manu, A., Assefa, N., Tesfaye, G., & Ankomah, A. (2020). Psychotropic medication non-adherence and its associated factors among patients with major psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic Reviews, 9, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs13643-020-1274-3

Shalaby, R. A. H., & Agyapong, V. I. (2020). Peer support in mental health: Literature review. Journal of Medical Internet Research Mental Health, 7(6), e15572. https://doi.org/10.2196/15572

Sverre, K. T., Nissen, E. R., Farver-Vestergaard, I., Johannsen, M., & Zachariae, R. (2023). Comparing the efficacy of mindfulness-based therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression in head-to-head randomized controlled trials: A systematic review and meta-analysis of equivalence. Clinical Psychology Review, 100, 102234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102234

Varkey, B. (2020). Principles of clinical ethics and their application to practice. Medical Principles and Practice, 30(1), 17–28. https://doi.org/10.1159/000509119

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